Dr. Miriam Coenders is an Assistant Professor at the Water Resources Section of Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands. ​@miriamcoenders 

What does ecohydrology mean to you?
As a water engineer, I am trained to shape the world: design irrigation systems, decide upon pumping capacities for draining the land, or (re)design polder systems. However, the world where these interventions take place is not static. Under climate and land use change, water always finds new pathways, where vegetation plays a major role. Vegetation controls how much and where water enters the soil, it consumes water for plant growth affecting our climate, and provides friction for water flow. Hence vegetation is key in our hydrological cycle and cannot be seen separately, as such the term ecohydrology is a sort of pleonasm. I realize that ecohydrology is much broader than I define here, but for me it is the role of vegetation in our water world.
 
What are your undergraduate and graduate degrees in?
I have a BSc and MSc degree in Civil Engineering from Delft University of Technology, where I specialized as hydrologist. After my Masters I did my PhD-study on the role interception in the hydrological cycle at research institute LIST in Luxembourg with TU Delft as awarding university.
 
How did you arrive at working in/thinking about ecohydrology?
In the Netherlands, we are raised with the high awareness for flooding. Maybe due to this, we falsely tend to think that all precipitation ends up in the river. So, during my studies, I was really astonished by the power of evaporation and the limited knowledge on this important hydrological process. Therefore, I decided to focus my research around the topic of evaporation. Once we better know how evaporation behaves, we can really improve water resources management including flood and drought predictions. Additionally, the cool thing about evaporation is that links the land with the atmosphere in such way that eventually also our weather forecasts can be improved. So, for the future I dream about no more drowned field work activities!
 
What do you see as an important emerging area of ecohydrology?
I think in the past many researchers in the field of ecohydrology tried to study plants and soils at the small scale. From these studies we learned a lot about the water behavior of plants; however, these laws often limitedly work on the larger scale. On the other hand, remotely sensed information is able to capture the larger scale, but is difficult to downscale. Therefore, observation techniques that are somehow in between these two scales would help us to understand how small-scale processes evolve into large-scale behavior. Luckily, more and more new observation techniques arise (e.g., stable water isotopes, thermal infrared imagery, distributed temperature sensing, drone technology) and also the sensor development itself becomes easier, which enables researchers to make tailor-made instruments themselves. Especially, the latter facilitates unique insights in the field of ecohydrology.
 
Do you have a favorite ecohydrology paper?  Describe/explain.
One of the papers I really appreciate is the work of Renée Brooks et al (2009) entitled “Ecohydrologic separation of water between trees and streams in a Mediterranean climate”. They introduced a new theory on where trees get their water from and challenged the long-standing assumption that all infiltrated water is affected by evaporation or root water uptake. Whether it is true or not, these new out-of-the box theories help to fresh up our minds and avoid possible tunnel visions. In my view, it is good to -now and then- challenge existing ‘set-in-stone’ theories. Additionally, I very much liked the book “Precipitation partitioning by vegetation” edited by John van Stan, Ethan Gutmann and Jan Friesen (2020). Apart from being a very comprehensive compilation of all the past and possible future partitioning work, it has awesome graphics. It is really fun to read and sets a standard for future textbooks.
 
What do you do for fun (apart from ecohydrology)?
Apart from ecohydrology?!? Ehhh… annoy my cats with a laser pen? Yeah... that’s fun too.

​Dr. Catherine Febria is a Canada Research Chair in Freshwater Restoration Ecology and Assistant Professor in the Dept. of Integrative Biology and the Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Ontario, Canada which is situated on the Traditional Territory of the Three Fires Confederacy of First Nations. She leads the Healthy Headwaters Lab which focuses on the structure and functioning of small streams, waterways and wetlands in human-impacted landscapes.  ​@ecofebria

What does ecohydrology mean to you?
As a small stream I work at the ‘eco’ side of things, and how the presence, absence and/or intensity of water drives ecosystem functions and biodiversity from molecules up through the food web. I think a lot about how water connects physical and biological processes as well as social dimensions, and how humans influence ecohydrological processes particularly among small and intermittent waterways that are scattered across the landscape.

Also, hydro (water) is at the centre of my work. In many cultures, there is a saying “Water is life” which encompasses my lab’s effort to take a more holistic approach to science. We are all passionate about using science to connect land, water and people, and to advance work that ensures freshwater sustainability for the benefit of future generations.
 
What are your undergraduate and graduate degrees in?
I have an undergraduate degree in Environmental Science from the University of Toronto (Canada) which introduced me to water through a geology and hydrology lens. Later in my undergraduate degree, I took my first field course in marine ecology and realized that I loved looking at the relationship of ecosystem components in aquatic environments. This led me to pursue a Masters degree in Geography from Simon Fraser University in British Columbia (Canada) where my research took me to the dynamic Mackenzie River basin in the western Canadian arctic. I deepened my understanding into how dynamic hydrological systems – from floodplain lakes and rivers to intermittent streams and rivers – were excellent model systems for research on the impacts of climate change. I also realized just how little we actually know about intermittent/temporary streams and rivers in Canada. This led me to a PhD in Ecology at the University of Toronto & Collaborative Certificate in Environmental Studies. For my PhD, I instrumented headwater streams – one intermittent stream and one perennial (permanently-flowing) stream – to explore nutrient and microbial dynamics in the hyporheic zone. The hyporheic zone is the interface between surface and groundwaters, and critical habitat for stream benthic macroinvertebrate and microbial communities. The more I pursued research on this system and at the interface of hydrology and ecological processes, I engaged approaches from different disciplines – from microbiology to chemistry, environmental studies to geography – and also became increasingly aware of the importance of small waterways and the lack of legislative tools to ensure their protection.
 
How did you arrive at working in/thinking about ecohydrology?
I’ve always been called to water conservation and using science to help solve environmental challenges from climate change to food sustainability and species-at-risk. I have long been curious about hydrological processes at varying ecosystem scales, and have enjoyed interrogating these dynamics at a range of spatial and temporal scales. Whether it be arctic river systems, or agriculturally-impacted systems or urbanized ones, I have been drawn to understanding drivers of ecosystem variability and the relationship between hydrological processes, ecosystem functions and biodiversity. It is impossible to restore, conserve or protect water resources without understanding the multifaceted role of water.
 
What do you see as an important emerging area of ecohydrology?
I think that ecohydrology will be increasingly important in exploring the fundamental dynamics of ecosystem processes at the land water interface, in human-impacted landscapes (agricultural, urbanized) and the social dimensions of restoration, food and freshwater sustainability. Ecohydrology is thankfully inherently interdisciplinary so I am excited to contribute to and further connections across disciplines including social and cultural dimensions.

This is one example review: Palmer, M., and A. Ruhi. 2019. Linkages between flow regime, biota, and ecosystem processes: Implications for river restoration. Science 365:eaaw2087.
 
Do you have a favorite ecohydrology paper?  Describe/explain.
It’s hard to pick just one! My PhD supervisor was Dudley Williams, who studied under Noel Hynes and together they pioneered research on the hyporheic zone, connecting ecology and hydrology through explorations of macroinvertebrate communities across this critical transition. I frequently revisit and cite foundational papers in my teaching and research seminars from Tansley’s 1935 essay in Ecology where ecosystem was first defined, and in its’ definition connectivity across scales was acknowledged. One can argue that ecohydrology is well-suited to advance and explore ecological processes across scales.
 
Tansley, A. G. 1935. The Use and Abuse of Vegetational Concepts and Terms. Ecology 16:284–307.
 
For a short read and answers to a common question, I share this paper to help explain how important temporary waters are, and the need for better protection globally. Science has an important role in advancing these efforts.

Acuña, V., T. Datry, J. Marshall, D. Barceló, C. N. Dahm, A. Ginebreda, G. McGregor, S. Sabater, K. Tockner, and M. A. Palmer. 2014. Why Should We Care About Temporary Waterways? Science 343:1080–1081.  

What do you do for fun (apart from ecohydrology)?
Lots! I do a lot of things for fun from traveling, outdoor adventures and exploring nature with my family, to many different forms of art (music, photography, handicrafts, watercolour) and love trying new recipes especially if it involves produce harvested from local farms or our garden plots. I do love a good round of Mahjong (a tile based game from China and played in many Asian cultures) even though I’m not very good at it, I really enjoy the challenge.

​Dr. Catherine (Cathy) Chamberlin is an ORISE postdoc with the EPA Atlantic Coastal Environmental Sciences Division in Narragansett, Rhode Island.   Twitter: ​@atimeforecology

What does ecohydrology mean to you?
Ecohydrology describes the ways that ecology and organisms influence the way water moves on a landscape, where water tends to accumulate, and how long it sticks around. It is a very flexible topic and to me is interrelated with other topics such as ecosystem engineering and landscape patterning. Because I have a plant bias, I tend to think most about how vegetation communities affect hydrology, but theoretically I suppose animals could fall under this category as well (gotta love those beavers!). Whether or not people are included in ecology is a really interesting conversation that multiple fields are having, but I’m not quite to the point of thinking of human infrastructure as ecohydrology.
 
What are your undergraduate and graduate degrees in?
I received a B.S. in Chemistry from Yale University in 2012. Though I started out in inorganic synthetic chemistry, I gradually worked my way towards the geosciences and did my senior thesis research on isotope fractionation of rainwater along an elevational gradient and the transfer of that isotopic signature to leaf records. After several years of further exploration across scientific fields, I began graduate study in ecology at Duke University and received my PhD in 2020.

How did you arrive at working in/thinking about ecohydrology?
I probably first started to think about it in high school gym class because our tennis court was on an island in the middle of a marsh, and being bad at tennis, I spent a lot of time wading around through the marsh. I started thinking about it in a more academic sense when I started graduate school. The first project I was involved in during my first few months was a study of a patterned karst landscape in Southern Florida. The landscape is extremely flat and is marked by regularly spaced depressions where soils are deeper and cypress trees grow taller. Through multiple research methodologies by various researchers on the project, the hypothesis for how this patterning originated is that the cypress tree roots dissolve the underlying karst, enlarging depressions, and those depressions then have longer hydroperiods and can support greater tree growth. It was a really elegant system for exploring ecohydrologic feedbacks.

What do you see as an important emerging area of ecohydrology?
Ecohydrology describes many complicated feedbacks on water movement and availability, and I think that being able to accurately forecast future water resource availability and flood risk is an important challenge that needs to be addressed. I also think that anthropological influences need to become more integrated into ecohydrology. This includes not just grey infrastructure, but also things like agriculture, invasive species, green infrastructure, urban hydrology, and cultural preferences and pressures that impact what plants are planted where.

Do you have a favorite ecohydrology paper?  Describe/explain.
Favorite is too difficult, but I’ll share 2 papers I really enjoyed reading. Both focus on fine-scale variation in ‘eco’ that have longer timescale effects on ‘hydrology’, or vice versa. The first is by de Montety 2011, in Chemical Geology. The authors showed that instream photosynthesis caused the pH of a karst river to vary so much that the chemical equilibrium of dissolution or deposition of calcium carbonate alternated every day. Deposition happening during the day and dissolution occurred at night. This alternation impacted the development of the channel shape of the river. The second is by Duncan et al 2015 in WRR. Their work showed how evapotranspiration in near-stream floodplains impacted nitrogen export from a watershed because the daily fluctuations in water table level impacted redox potential in the soil, leading to increased nitrate export during low-flow summer months. I enjoyed both of these papers because of the elegant ways they link processes at multiple timescales in ways that are surprising and not immediately obvious.
 
What do you do for fun (apart from ecohydrology)?
I love all types of dance from ballet to salsa. I also spend a lot of time reading, hiking, gardening, doing yoga and rock climbing. In more normal times I enjoy traveling and meeting friends for breakfast.

​Dr. Chris Zou is a professor in the Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management at Oklahoma State University. 

Dr. Ben Livneh is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder and a Fellow in the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder.

What does ecohydrology mean to you?
We have written commentaries and a book about defining “ecohydrology” and “hydroecology”, so rather than revisiting those discussions, I will go for simply… how ecological processes shape hydrological dynamics, how living things are influenced by hydrological processes, and how these two process sets feedback/ interact. We need to frame ecohydrology around coupled systems and, increasingly importantly, add people to the equations. So for me, in a nutshell, it is all about taking a wider perspective to understand complex, variable, interconnected, water-dependent systems and how we can use this knowledge towards sustainable management for the betterment of the environment and society. In terms of application, I try to use this perspective to research snow- and glacier-fed watersheds; river temperature dynamics and impacts; and space-time ecohydrological patterns beyond the individual river basin-scale and under global change.
 
 
What are your undergraduate and graduate degrees in?
My undergraduate degree is a BSc Physical Geography (1994) from the University of Aberdeen, Scotland. I was taught by some outstanding faculty and developed a passion for glaciers, mountains and rivers. Field courses are an integral part of geographical learning; and Aberdeen’s location (between the Rivers Dee and Don and near the Cairngorm Mountains) meant we were spoilt for choice of real world examples to test theory. For my undergraduate dissertation, I travelled to the Italian Alps (beside Mont Blanc) to undertake a project on climate drivers of glacier stream runoff. I was amazed by the dynamism of alpine environments; and this enthused me to do more research. So, I went to the University of Birmingham, England, to study for a PhD Geography (1997) under the supervision of Angela Gurnell (now Queen Mary University of London) and Glenn McGregor (now Durham University) that focused on meltwater generation and drainage in a small glacierized basin in the French Pyrenees. I was fortunate to have great field support from my supervisors and some people who became future research collaborators as well as friends. In my second summer field season, we were joined by a group of aquatic ecologists - which kindled my interests in ecohydrology.
 
 
How did you arrive at working in/thinking about ecohydrology?
As mentioned above, during my PhD, I did fieldwork with ecologists who were working on a European Commission project on Arctic and Alpine Stream Ecosystem Research. This project used similar field protocols to link stream ecology to physico-chemical river habitat along a latitudinal gradient of glacier-fed watershed for Europe (spanning from the French Pyrenees in the south to Svalbard in the north). These harsh, cold river systems are highly deterministic - with aquatic macroinvertebrate communities conditioned (most notably) by downstream patterns in water temperature and channel stability. By quantifying these ecohydrological links, it is possible to predict alpine stream biodiversity response to climate and hydrological change. After my PhD, I gained a lectureship at Birmingham and extended these glacier-fed river ecohydrological studies to other mountain regions and to the Arctic. In addition, I broadened my ecohydrological interests to river water temperature and flow-ecology links in temperate, forested, ephemeral and urban environments.
 
 
What do you see as an important emerging area of ecohydrology?
There are a number of topic areas that I could highlight (some are the same as our commentary in 2007) as ‘new’ and emerging themes: ecosystem sensitivity to hydrological change; aquatic-terrestrial linkages; disturbance - water and ecological stress; modern and palaeo-analogue studies; and applied hydroecology/ ecohydrology at the science-policy interface. In 2020, as an outcome from an international workshop led by Del Levia (University of Delaware), we offered a roadmap to advance ecohydrology. For this blog, it might be most interesting to reflect on the ‘how’ (rather than the ‘what’) we do in ecohydrology. (1) We need to develop and apply new tools - for example, recently we have used drones, high-frequency water sensing technologies and smart-tracers to identify space-time heterogeneity in ecohydrological systems and processes. We need to look to the innovation horizon for new methods to bring from other disciplines into ecohydrology as well as develop our own tools. (2) We need to release the huge potential of intrinsic interdisciplinary collaborations in ecohydrology – extending our teams beyond the natural sciences to include data scientists, social scientists and other researchers. (3) We need to undertake ‘research that matters’ – that is do work of relevance beyond the scientist who is doing it - by working with different stakeholders (leveraging practitioner and indigenous knowledges) to co-create new applications of scientific knowledge and generate important new research questions based on practical need. (4) In terms of new fundamental questions, we need to consider how we are joining the scales to go from our (often) small-scale process understanding to larger-scale proxies, controls and responses (for example, we still do not understand fully why particular times and places have a disproportionate influence on watershed ecohydrological response). In doing so, we may be able to better understand the scales of influence of climate, land management and other drivers of ecohydrological response to inform sustainable water management and develop better mitigation/ adaptation strategies for a changing water world.
 
 
Do you have a favorite ecohydrology paper?  Describe/explain.
Sticking to just one paper (such a difficult choice!), I would opt for “How much water does a river need?” by Brian Richter and co-authors. This article introduced a new method (the Range of Variability Approach - RVA) for setting river ecosystem management targets - based the link between hydrological variability and aquatic ecosystem response. It got me thinking about how the five facets of what I often refer to as “wiggly river flow-time series” (magnitude, frequency, timing, duration, and rates of change) can influence aquatic species distributions, communities and biodiversity. This paper inspired a number of our collaborations and publications: on methods for hydrograph classification; searching for ecologically-meaningful hydrological variables; and the underpinning scientific basis for river management and conservation practice.
 
 
What do you do for fun (apart from ecohydrology)?
We spend time together as a family - usually outdoors (walking, cycling and in the garden) or at football/soccer matches. We all enjoy travelling to see new places and peoples, but that has been put on hold for the moment. I listen to a wide range of music, although classic and alternative rock is my favourite. Birmingham is a great city to see headliners as well as emerging bands, so I look forward to doing that once we recover from the pandemic. I still go running, although <20 min AGU Fun Runs were quite a while ago. 

Dr. Laura Turnbull is an Associate Professor in the Department of Geography at Durham University. ​Twitter: @ecohydrology

What does ecohydrology mean to you?
To me, ecohydrology is the interactions and feedbacks between ecological and hydrological processes, with particular emphasis on geomorphology and biogeochemistry. Within ecohydrology, I am particularly interested in how system structure (such as vegetation distribution and [micro]topography) affects the lateral redistribution of water, nutrients, sediment and seeds around the landscape, which in turn control where vegetation can continue to persist, or where new seeds will germinate.

What are your undergraduate and graduate degrees in?
My undergraduate degree was in Physical Geography at Durham University, UK (which I’ve now returned to!). During this degree I undertook my first independent research in drylands (where most of my work is now focused), on the hydraulic geometry of ephemeral channels in Spain. Following this, I moved to Kings College London where I completed a MSc in Environmental Monitoring, Modelling and Management, which led to a PhD in Physical Geography at Sheffield University, UK.
 
How did you arrive at working in/thinking about ecohydrology?
I had always been fascinated in tropical forests and I was really sure that I would end up doing research in this area during my MSc, but this wasn’t to be the case, and I ended up back in drylands – this time in New Mexico – where I undertook research on hydrological connectivity in grassland and shrubland at the Jornada Experimental Range. I was really intrigued by this environment, and the widespread vegetation transitions that have occurred over the last century, and I was keen to learn more about how these transitions actually happen. This led to my PhD research on ‘Ecohydrological interactions across a semi-arid grassland to shrubland transition’ which really reinforced the importance of considering both vertical and lateral fluxes of water, nutrients and sediment when thinking about feedbacks between vegetation and hydrology.

What do you see as an important emerging area of ecohydrology?
At the moment I am particularly fascinated about the potential to refine our understanding of the ecohydrology and resulting structure and function of drylands by applying tools from network science. For example, can we identify “critical nodes” in the system where ecohydrological feedbacks increase or decrease the resilience of a given system state? And through identification of these critical nodes and their associated ecohydrological characteristics, can we manipulate/manage them to alter system structure and function to maximize the provision of ecosystem services? Of course, the application of network science tools to ecohydrology extend far beyond drylands, but as a complex system characterized by patchy vegetation, they certainly make an interesting starting point. There’s also a lot of progress to be made in the area of ecohydrological modelling, in order to take into account sufficiently well both the vertical and lateral fluxes of energy, water, nutrients and sediment.

Do you have a favorite ecohydrology paper?  Describe/explain.
Although not strictly an ecohydrology paper, Schlesinger’s 1990 paper on “Biological feedbacks in global desertification” was particularly influential for me earlier on in my research career, in terms of thinking about how patterns of vegetation, and soil nutrients arise due to the complex interplay between lateral and vertical ecohydrological processes, which in turn affect the ongoing structure and function of the system.

The paper by Cadenasso et al (2006) on “Dimensions of ecosystem complexity: Heterogeneity, connectivity and history” is also one that I view as being particularly useful for thinking about the role of ecohydrology in the structure and functioning of water-limited systems. This paper presents a ‘biocomplexity framework’ outlining how complex ecological systems can by understood better with a focus on connectivity, heterogeneity, and contingency, which is directly relevant to understanding ecohydrologial processes and how they change in response to climatic or anthropogenic disturbances.

For a more classical ecohydrology paper, I’d probably have to choose the paper by Newman et al (2006) on “Ecohydrology of water-limited environments: A scientific vision” which I still find particularly useful because it outlines some of the key challenges facing research in ecohydrology, which still apply 15 years later.

What do you do for fun (apart from ecohydrology)?
Pre-children I really enjoyed triathlon. Nowadays I’m lucky if I can get out for a bike ride but I try to as much as I can!  I spend a lot of time outdoors, walking with the dog, playing with the children or working on the vegetable patch! 

Dr. Marco Maneta is an Associate Professor in the Department of Geosciences at the University of Montana (Missoula, MT).

Dr. Genevieve Ali is an Associate Professor in the School of Environmental Sciences at the University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.

What does ecohydrology mean to you?
I like the fact that I am not being asked to provide a definition of ecohydrology but rather to say what it means to me… :-) To me, ecohydrology is an umbrella term that best illustrates the two disciplines I mostly draw from in my teaching and my research. Ever since I started my Ph.D., I have been looking for new or different (statistical) analysis tools or models to address hydrological questions, just get a different perspective. I have found that regardless of whether we think of catchment classification, flowpath network topology or hydrologic connectivity, there are interesting tools we can borrow from computer science, ecology, or neuroscience. It just so happens that a lot of the tools and modeling frameworks I use are borrowed from ecology. Using the ecohydrologist label for myself means that I am not just borrowing from another discipline; I am rather merging disciplinary views and allowing myself to benefit from a greater diversity of opinions and approaches to frame my own work.      

What are your undergraduate and graduate degrees in?
I did a B.Sc. in Environmental Geography at the Université de Montréal (Québec, Canada). I found it to be a great first program because even though I was enrolled in the physical geography stream, I was required to take a bunch of human geography courses as well, and those courses really broadened my horizons early on. I then moved on to do a Ph.D. in Geography, still at the Université de Montréal.  

How did you arrive at working in/thinking about ecohydrology?
By force of circumstance, I would say. My Honors thesis was focused on the modelling of a small forested catchment, and we knew that whenever we got that model to perform OK, we were getting the right answers for the wrong reasons. Together with my Honors thesis advisor at the time, André Roy, I came to realize that it could be because the model was incapable of resolving the complex hydrologic connectivity dynamics driving the catchment response, and that is how my Ph.D. thesis topic was born. When I started working on connectivity in 2005-2006, I really had to dive deep into the ecology literature because that is where most of the connectivity research was reported at the time. So, that is how I initially got into eco-hydrology work, and my interests just grew from there. Looking at ecohydrological systems as complex systems with their thresholds and other emerging properties, studying plant-soil-water relations in agricultural regions, and trying to quantify multi-material connectivity (i.e., water, nutrients, sediment and biota) in human-impacted landscapes, are just a few areas of ecohydrology that I focus on in my teaching and research.  

What do you see as an important emerging area of ecohydrology?
There are lots of emerging areas and/or issues in ecohydrology, but the one I see as maybe the most urgent to tackle is ecohydrology at the science-policy-practice interface. Even before ecohydrology was officially called a “new discipline”, there had been fantastic theoretical developments about how water influences biota and vice versa. The “new discipline” has greatly accelerated the rate at which mechanistic process explanations are being put forward, confirmed with new data or models, or infirmed with new data or models. What we still seem to be missing, though, is a broad discussion of what those new findings mean for land, water, nutrient or ecosystem management (take your pick!). How should threshold-driven ecohydrological systems be managed? Should ecohydrological systems displaying weak emergence be managed differently than those exhibiting strong emergence? How can the concepts of hot spots and hot moments (sensu McClain et al., 2003), or the idea of ecosystem control points (sensu Bernhardt et al., 2017), be used to guide the timing and method of fertilizer application on agricultural land? Is there an optimal multi-material landscape connectivity level that environmental managers should aim for? How can community watershed models be designed in a parsimonious way to operate at large scales while retaining critical ecohydrological process information? Those are not low-hanging-fruit questions, by any means, but they are key for knowledge translation.  

Do you have a favorite ecohydrology paper?  Describe/explain.
There are a few I can think of, on a wide variety of topics, but the one I will mention is the “Watershed functions” paper by Peter Black (1997; Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 33: 1-11). It discusses five key watershed hydrological and ecological functions and how they relate to “attenuation” and “flushing” responses. There are many ways we can assess the health and/or resilience of watersheds, some of them very sophisticated and detailed, but I really like the idea of doing so through five simple, basic “ecohydrological” functions. This paper is one of my favorites because it is very pedagogical/approachable and I can use it as a discussion starter in any context: research, undergraduate teaching, graduate teaching, or discussion with stakeholders and policy makers.

What do you do for fun (apart from ecohydrology)?
In no particular order, I enjoy going on forest walks, travelling (when we can), watching natural disaster movies (the nerd in me likes fact-checking them), and trying my best at becoming an expert in allergen-free baking. Some of my new pandemic lockdown-induced hobbies include growing vegetables and knitting. Being anywhere with family wins the cake.